{ "data": { "id": "turkey-general-2028", "country": "TR", "country_name": "Turkey", "level": "national", "subdivision": null, "subdivision_name": null, "date": "2028-05-07", "date_status": "tentative", "kind": "general", "conditional": null, "timezone": "Europe/Istanbul", "status": "scheduled", "last_verified_at": "2026-10-02T12:00:00Z", "stale": false, "stale_reason": null, "provenance": { "from": "researcher agent 2026-10-02: Constitution arts. 75, 77-79, 101, 116; Law 6271 arts. 3, 4, 20; Law 2839 arts. 6, 8, 36-37; Law 298 arts. 89, 96, 130 (mevzuat.gov.tr PDFs); Resmî Gazete issue indexes 19 May 2023, 30 May 2023, 4 Jul 2018 (resmigazete.gov.tr); YSK decisions 2023/1091 and 2023/1255 (lexpera.com.tr excerpts); NTV 15 May 2023; Habertürk 25 Jun 2026; ysk.gov.tr", "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (Election Index)" }, "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/turkey-general-2028", "races": [ { "id": "president", "key": "turkey-general-2028/president", "name": "President of the Republic (first round)", "body": "head-of-state", "seats": null, "seats_provisional": false, "polls_close_utc": "2028-05-07T14:00:00Z", "authority": { "id": "tr-ysk", "name": "Supreme Election Council", "name_local": "Yüksek Seçim Kurulu", "role": "electoral-commission", "homepage": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/", "results_index": "https://sonuc.ysk.gov.tr/", "open_data": null }, "status": "scheduled", "expected_stage_now": null, "observed": false, "final_observed": null, "final_expected": { "from": "2028-05-08T21:00:00Z", "by": "2028-05-21T20:59:59Z", "confidence": "precedent", "basis": "Law 6271 art. 20(1): 'Cumhurbaşkanı seçiminin kesin sonuçları, Yüksek Seçim Kurulu tarafından ... kamuoyuna ilân edilir ve Resmî Gazetede yayımlanır'; the law sets no deadline. Objections against provincial tally sheets reach the YSK up to the third day after the sheet is drawn up, 17:00 (Law 298 art. 130). Precedent: 2023 first round (14 May) - YSK decision 2023/1091 of Fri 19 May 2023, Resmî Gazete 32195 (Mükerrer), day 5, declaring no outright winner and the two candidates for the second round; 2018 (24 Jun, outright winner) - YSK decision 952 of 4 Jul 2018, Resmî Gazete 30468 (Mükerrer), day 10 (issue index read on resmigazete.gov.tr; contents per press reports). If a second round is needed, the YSK must declare round-1 results before it (2023: day 5); if a candidate wins outright, 2018 took 10 days. The window closes at the end of day 14 (Sun 21 May 2028 local), four days past the slower precedent. The opening (start of Tue 9 May) is an ESTIMATED floor. YSK decisions are final and cannot be appealed to any other body (Constitution art. 79), so there is no court-validation stage." }, "last_final": null, "previous": null, "stages": [ { "stage": "election-night", "from": "2028-05-07T14:00:00Z", "by": "2028-05-08T20:59:59Z", "replacedAt": "2028-05-21T20:59:59Z", "confidence": "precedent", "citation": "Law 298 art. 89: voting runs 'saat sekizden on yediye kadar' (08:00-17:00); the YSK may move the opening and closing hours, keeping the duration, if it announces this at least a week before polling day. Turkey keeps UTC+3 all year (no DST), so 17:00 local is 14:00 UTC. Counting starts in each ballot-box committee when voting ends (art. 96: the box cannot be opened before 17:00). 2023 precedent: on Mon 15 May 2023 the YSK chairman announced provisional (geçici) results, with domestic ballot boxes 100% opened as of 15:15 (NTV, 15 May 2023, 15:39). The window closes at the end of Monday 8 May 2028 local time, after that precedent. Provisional, not the YSK's final decision.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null }, { "stage": "final-result", "from": "2028-05-08T21:00:00Z", "by": "2028-05-21T20:59:59Z", "replacedAt": null, "confidence": "precedent", "citation": "Law 6271 art. 20(1): 'Cumhurbaşkanı seçiminin kesin sonuçları, Yüksek Seçim Kurulu tarafından ... kamuoyuna ilân edilir ve Resmî Gazetede yayımlanır'; the law sets no deadline. Objections against provincial tally sheets reach the YSK up to the third day after the sheet is drawn up, 17:00 (Law 298 art. 130). Precedent: 2023 first round (14 May) - YSK decision 2023/1091 of Fri 19 May 2023, Resmî Gazete 32195 (Mükerrer), day 5, declaring no outright winner and the two candidates for the second round; 2018 (24 Jun, outright winner) - YSK decision 952 of 4 Jul 2018, Resmî Gazete 30468 (Mükerrer), day 10 (issue index read on resmigazete.gov.tr; contents per press reports). If a second round is needed, the YSK must declare round-1 results before it (2023: day 5); if a candidate wins outright, 2018 took 10 days. The window closes at the end of day 14 (Sun 21 May 2028 local), four days past the slower precedent. The opening (start of Tue 9 May) is an ESTIMATED floor. YSK decisions are final and cannot be appealed to any other body (Constitution art. 79), so there is no court-validation stage.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://sonuc.ysk.gov.tr/", "role": "results-live", "kind": "emb_home", "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "YSK 'Sandık Sonuçları ve Tutanaklar' (ballot-box results and tally sheets) service: a results index for all elections, rendered by script; no page for this election exists yet and no per-election URL is predicted here. These are provisional counts, not the YSK's final decision.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/tr/karar/liste", "role": "results-final", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "YSK decision archive (Karar Arşivi). The final result is a YSK decision published in a Resmî Gazete mükerrer issue (Law 6271 art. 20). 2023 equivalent: YSK decision 2023/1091 of 19 May 2023, Resmî Gazete 32195 (Mükerrer), resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2023/05/20230519M1-1.pdf.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=6271&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Law 6271 on Presidential Elections (as amended by Law 7140 of 25 Apr 2018): art. 3 (polling day, renewal), art. 4 (two rounds), art. 20 (final results). DATE (tentative, derived): Constitution art. 77: 'Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimleri beş yılda bir aynı günde yapılır.' Law 6271 art. 3(3): 'Cumhurbaşkanı ve Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisinin görev sürelerinin dolmasından önceki son Pazar günü oy verme günüdür. Görev süresi, birlikte yapılan bir önceki seçim tarihi esas alınarak belirlenir.' Law 2839 art. 6: 'Bir önceki seçimin yapıldığı tarihten itibaren beş yılın dolmasından önceki son Pazar günü oy verilir.' The last joint election was Sun 14 May 2023; five years run to 14 May 2028, itself a Sunday, so the last Sunday BEFORE it is 7 May 2028 (Habertürk, 25 Jun 2026, gives the same ordinary date; English Wikipedia says 'no later than 14 May 2028', which ignores 'önceki'). Same rule in 2018-2023: 24 Jun 2018 + 5 years = Sat 24 Jun 2023, ordinary date Sun 18 Jun 2023. The election period (seçimin başlangıcı) opens 60 days before polling day. EARLY-ELECTION RISK: the Assembly (three-fifths of all members) or the President may decide to renew the elections (Constitution art. 116); both are then held together on the first Sunday after the 60th day following the decision (Law 6271 art. 3(4)), and the new terms are again five years. The 2023 election (14 May) was itself held early under a renewal decision. A presidential adviser proposed in June 2026 advancing the vote to 16 Apr 2028 by an Assembly renewal decision (Habertürk, 25 Jun 2026); no decision had been taken as of 2 Oct 2026. Postponement is possible only for war, by one year at a time (art. 78).", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=2709&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Constitution of the Republic of Turkey: arts. 77, 78, 79, 101, 116.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=298&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=4", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Law 298 on the Basic Provisions of Elections and Voter Registers: art. 89 (voting hours), art. 130 (objections to the YSK).", "check": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_Turkish_presidential_election", "role": "see-also", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/", "role": "authority-home", "kind": "emb_home", "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question", "resolvable": false, "origin": "authority", "check": null } ], "page_activity": [], "government": null, "results": [], "live_count": null, "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/turkey-general-2028#president" }, { "id": "tbmm", "key": "turkey-general-2028/tbmm", "name": "Grand National Assembly of Turkey", "body": "legislature-unicameral", "seats": 600, "seats_provisional": false, "polls_close_utc": "2028-05-07T14:00:00Z", "authority": { "id": "tr-ysk", "name": "Supreme Election Council", "name_local": "Yüksek Seçim Kurulu", "role": "electoral-commission", "homepage": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/", "results_index": "https://sonuc.ysk.gov.tr/", "open_data": null }, "status": "scheduled", "expected_stage_now": null, "observed": false, "final_observed": null, "final_expected": { "from": "2028-05-08T21:00:00Z", "by": "2028-06-07T20:59:59Z", "confidence": "precedent", "basis": "Law 2839 art. 37(3): once tally sheets from all provinces are in, the YSK publishes 'en kısa zamanda' a second communiqué in the Resmî Gazete with the elected members and the votes of each party and independent candidate; no fixed deadline. Elected members receive their certificate from the provincial board (art. 36). Precedent: 2023 (14 May) - YSK decision 2023/1255 of Tue 30 May 2023, Resmî Gazete 32206 (Mükerrer), day 16, two days after the presidential second round; 2018 (24 Jun) - YSK decisions 952-953 of 4 Jul 2018, Resmî Gazete 30468 (Mükerrer), day 10 (issue index read; contents per press reports). The window closes at the end of day 31 (Wed 7 Jun 2028 local), about two weeks past the slower precedent. The opening is an ESTIMATED floor. YSK decisions are final (Constitution art. 79): no court-validation stage. Turkey has a presidential system: the President appoints ministers without a confidence vote, so no government stage." }, "last_final": null, "previous": null, "stages": [ { "stage": "election-night", "from": "2028-05-07T14:00:00Z", "by": "2028-05-08T20:59:59Z", "replacedAt": "2028-06-07T20:59:59Z", "confidence": "estimate", "citation": "Polls close at 17:00 local, 14:00 UTC (Law 298 art. 89; YSK may shift the hours with a week's notice). Law 2839 art. 37: as provincial election boards report, the YSK broadcasts the figures 'bekletmeden radyo ve televizyon ile derhal'; once all provinces have reported, it announces the seats won by each party and the names of those elected, without waiting for certified copies or objections. The window copies the 2023 presidential precedent (provisional results announced on 15 May 2023 afternoon, NTV); no separate precedent for the parliamentary provisional count was read, so this is an ESTIMATE. Provisional, not the YSK's final decision.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null }, { "stage": "final-result", "from": "2028-05-08T21:00:00Z", "by": "2028-06-07T20:59:59Z", "replacedAt": null, "confidence": "precedent", "citation": "Law 2839 art. 37(3): once tally sheets from all provinces are in, the YSK publishes 'en kısa zamanda' a second communiqué in the Resmî Gazete with the elected members and the votes of each party and independent candidate; no fixed deadline. Elected members receive their certificate from the provincial board (art. 36). Precedent: 2023 (14 May) - YSK decision 2023/1255 of Tue 30 May 2023, Resmî Gazete 32206 (Mükerrer), day 16, two days after the presidential second round; 2018 (24 Jun) - YSK decisions 952-953 of 4 Jul 2018, Resmî Gazete 30468 (Mükerrer), day 10 (issue index read; contents per press reports). The window closes at the end of day 31 (Wed 7 Jun 2028 local), about two weeks past the slower precedent. The opening is an ESTIMATED floor. YSK decisions are final (Constitution art. 79): no court-validation stage. Turkey has a presidential system: the President appoints ministers without a confidence vote, so no government stage.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://sonuc.ysk.gov.tr/", "role": "results-live", "kind": "emb_home", "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "YSK ballot-box results and tally-sheet service (index for all elections; no page for this election yet). Provisional counts, not the final decision.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/tr/karar/liste", "role": "results-final", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "YSK decision archive. The final result is a YSK decision published in the Resmî Gazete (Law 2839 art. 37). 2023 equivalent: YSK decision 2023/1255 of 30 May 2023 on the 28th-term general election, Resmî Gazete 32206 (Mükerrer), resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2023/05/20230530M1-1.pdf.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=2839&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Law 2839 on Parliamentary Elections: art. 2 (600 seats), art. 6 (polling day), art. 8 (renewal), arts. 36-37 (announcement of results). DATE (tentative, derived): Constitution art. 77: 'Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimleri beş yılda bir aynı günde yapılır.' Law 6271 art. 3(3): 'Cumhurbaşkanı ve Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisinin görev sürelerinin dolmasından önceki son Pazar günü oy verme günüdür. Görev süresi, birlikte yapılan bir önceki seçim tarihi esas alınarak belirlenir.' Law 2839 art. 6: 'Bir önceki seçimin yapıldığı tarihten itibaren beş yılın dolmasından önceki son Pazar günü oy verilir.' The last joint election was Sun 14 May 2023; five years run to 14 May 2028, itself a Sunday, so the last Sunday BEFORE it is 7 May 2028 (Habertürk, 25 Jun 2026, gives the same ordinary date; English Wikipedia says 'no later than 14 May 2028', which ignores 'önceki'). Same rule in 2018-2023: 24 Jun 2018 + 5 years = Sat 24 Jun 2023, ordinary date Sun 18 Jun 2023. The election period (seçimin başlangıcı) opens 60 days before polling day. EARLY-ELECTION RISK: the Assembly (three-fifths of all members) or the President may decide to renew the elections (Constitution art. 116); both are then held together on the first Sunday after the 60th day following the decision (Law 6271 art. 3(4)), and the new terms are again five years. The 2023 election (14 May) was itself held early under a renewal decision. A presidential adviser proposed in June 2026 advancing the vote to 16 Apr 2028 by an Assembly renewal decision (Habertürk, 25 Jun 2026); no decision had been taken as of 2 Oct 2026. Postponement is possible only for war, by one year at a time (art. 78).", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=2709&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Constitution: arts. 75 (600 members), 77, 78, 79, 116.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_Turkish_parliamentary_election", "role": "see-also", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.ysk.gov.tr/", "role": "authority-home", "kind": "emb_home", "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question", "resolvable": false, "origin": "authority", "check": null } ], "page_activity": [], "government": null, "results": [], "live_count": null, "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/turkey-general-2028#tbmm" } ] }, "meta": { "dataset_version": "2026-10-02.be7d6f40", "built_at": "2026-10-02T15:42:24Z", "generated_at": "2026-10-02T18:13:12.574Z", "licence": "CC BY 4.0: credit \"Global Election Index (electionindex.org)\" and link to https://electionindex.org", "docs": "https://electionindex.org/docs" } }