{
  "data": {
    "id": "panama-general-2024",
    "country": "PA",
    "country_name": "Panama",
    "level": "national",
    "subdivision": null,
    "subdivision_name": null,
    "date": "2024-05-05",
    "date_status": "declared",
    "date_window": null,
    "kind": "general",
    "conditional": null,
    "timezone": "America/Panama",
    "status": "final-expected",
    "last_verified_at": "2026-10-03T12:00:00Z",
    "stale": true,
    "stale_reason": "assembly: final-result was expected by 2024-06-01T04:59:59Z and has not been observed yet",
    "provenance": {
      "from": "researcher agent 2026-10-03: Junta Nacional de Escrutinio actas for President (9 May 2024) and PARLACEN (10 Jun 2024) and press releases on jnepanama.com; Tribunal Electoral 2024 results page (Wayback capture of 23 May 2024); Código Electoral texto único (TE, Mar 2023)",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (Election Index); vote counts official publication of the Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, no reuse terms stated"
    },
    "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/panama-general-2024",
    "races": [
      {
        "id": "president",
        "key": "panama-general-2024/president",
        "name": "President and Vice President",
        "body": "head-of-state",
        "seats": null,
        "seats_provisional": false,
        "polls_close_utc": "2024-05-05T21:00:00Z",
        "authority": {
          "id": "pa-te",
          "name": "Electoral Tribunal",
          "name_local": "Tribunal Electoral",
          "role": "electoral-commission",
          "homepage": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
          "results_index": null,
          "open_data": null
        },
        "status": "final-expected",
        "expected_stage_now": null,
        "observed": false,
        "final_observed": {
          "at": "2024-05-09T17:39:00Z",
          "source": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Acta-de-Proclamacion-del-Presidente.pdf"
        },
        "final_expected": {
          "from": null,
          "by": "2024-05-16T04:59:59Z",
          "confidence": "estimate",
          "basis": "The Junta Nacional de Escrutinio scrutinises the 39 circuit actas plus the overseas/advance-vote (RERE/REVA) acta and proclaims the ticket with the most votes, single round (Código Electoral art. 447), 'a más tardar veinticuatro horas después de finalizado el escrutinio' (art. 446). The law sets no deadline for the scrutiny itself; the window end, end of 15 May 2024 local (day 10), is our estimate. Observed: the JNE's acta (section 3, 'Terminó la sesión') records the session ending on 'Día: 09/05/2024, Hora: 12:39 PM', with the proclamation in section 8 ('La Junta Nacional de Escrutinio proclama como presidente y vicepresidente electos de la República ... a: ... JOSÉ RAÚL MULINO QUINTERO'); the secretary's certification gives the same time and date. 12:39 local = 17:39 UTC. The JNE held a protocol proclamation ceremony at 7:00 p.m. the same day (JNE press release, 9 May 2024). Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC."
        },
        "last_final": null,
        "previous": null,
        "stages": [
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "from": null,
            "by": "2024-05-16T04:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "estimate",
            "citation": "The Junta Nacional de Escrutinio scrutinises the 39 circuit actas plus the overseas/advance-vote (RERE/REVA) acta and proclaims the ticket with the most votes, single round (Código Electoral art. 447), 'a más tardar veinticuatro horas después de finalizado el escrutinio' (art. 446). The law sets no deadline for the scrutiny itself; the window end, end of 15 May 2024 local (day 10), is our estimate. Observed: the JNE's acta (section 3, 'Terminó la sesión') records the session ending on 'Día: 09/05/2024, Hora: 12:39 PM', with the proclamation in section 8 ('La Junta Nacional de Escrutinio proclama como presidente y vicepresidente electos de la República ... a: ... JOSÉ RAÚL MULINO QUINTERO'); the secretary's certification gives the same time and date. 12:39 local = 17:39 UTC. The JNE held a protocol proclamation ceremony at 7:00 p.m. the same day (JNE press release, 9 May 2024). Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": "2024-05-09T17:39:00Z",
            "observedSource": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Acta-de-Proclamacion-del-Presidente.pdf"
          }
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Acta-de-Proclamacion-del-Presidente.pdf",
            "role": "results-final",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Acta de la Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, Presidente y Vicepresidente de la República, Elección General del 5 de mayo de 2024 (Tribunal Electoral form no. 1), signed scan posted by the JNE on jnepanama.com (uploaded 13 May 2024). Section 4: 40 actas escrutadas, votos emitidos 2,332,864, válidos 2,275,179, en blanco 19,103, nulos 38,582. Sections 5-6: valid votes by party, alliance and independent ticket. Section 8: proclamation of José Raúl Mulino Quintero, 778,763 votes, 34.23%. Session closed 09/05/2024 12:39 p.m.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/resultados-elecciones-generales-2024/",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "race_results",
            "kindReason": "election code and results marker",
            "resolvable": true,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Tribunal Electoral page 'Resultados Elecciones Generales 2024' (last modified 22 May 2024), with 16 xlsx tables built from the proclamation acts: Cuadro 01-02 Presidente, 04 Diputado PP, 05 Diputado Candidatos, 06 Diputado Proclamados, 07 Diputado Curules, and tables for mayors, representatives and councillors. Read through the Wayback Machine (capture of 23 May 2024); the live site and the xlsx attachment pages answered 403 (Cloudflare) on 3 Oct 2026, and the xlsx files were never archived.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/junta-nacional-de-escrutinio-culmina-con-exito-el-escrutinio-de-las-40-actas/",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "JNE press release, 9 May 2024: scrutiny of the 39 circuit actas and the RERE/REVA acta finished; percentages per ticket; protocol proclamation ceremony at the Teatro Anayansi, Atlapa, 7:00 p.m. that day.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/TEXTO-UNICO-DAL-Version-4-con-indice-al-24-3-23.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Código Electoral, texto único (Tribunal Electoral legal-office version, 24 Mar 2023), as posted by the 2024 Junta Nacional de Escrutinio. Art. 416: voting closes 'a las cuatro de la tarde'. Art. 446: proclamation 'a más tardar veinticuatro horas después de finalizado el escrutinio'. Art. 447: the JNE proclaims the presidential ticket with the most votes. Arts. 449-453: circuit scrutiny boards proclaim the deputies. Arts. 513-516: PARLACEN seats from the presidential vote, allocated and proclaimed by the JNE.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Panamanian_general_election",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Leads and cross-checks only; no counts were copied from it.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
            "role": "authority-home",
            "kind": "emb_home",
            "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": null
          }
        ],
        "page_activity": [],
        "government": null,
        "results": [
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "published_at": "2024-05-09",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03T12:00:00Z",
            "source": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Acta-de-Proclamacion-del-Presidente.pdf",
            "publisher": "Junta Nacional de Escrutinio (Acta de la JNE, Presidente y Vicepresidente de la República), Tribunal Electoral form",
            "licence": "Official publication of the Junta Nacional de Escrutinio (the electoral corporation appointed by the Tribunal Electoral); no reuse terms stated. jnepanama.com carries only the footer '© Junta Nacional de Escrutinio Panamá 2024' and a privacy policy (https://jnepanama.com/politica-de-privacidad/), neither of which states terms for reuse.",
            "total_votes": 2275179,
            "electorate": null,
            "ballots": 2332864,
            "turnout": null,
            "note": "Final count as proclaimed by the Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, 9 May 2024 (40 of 40 actas). One row per ticket, from section 6 of the acta ('Total de votos válidos por alianza, partido y candidato por libre postulación'); the acta names the presidential candidate and lists the tickets by alliance, party or libre postulación, and the row labels give the presidential candidate as written there with the alliance or party names. Alliance totals are the acta's: Alianza para Salvar a Panamá 778,763 (Realizando Metas 668,626, Alianza 110,137); Por un Panamá Mejor, Lo Bueno Viene 259,030 (Cambio Democrático 138,297, Partido Panameñista 120,733); Vamos con Todo Panamá 133,800 (PRD 126,432, MOLIRENA 7,368); Melitón Arrocha 4,594 (libre postulación 2,201, PAIS 2,393). The eight rows add up to the valid votes, 2,275,179. Ballots = votos emitidos 2,332,864 = valid 2,275,179 + blank 19,103 + null 38,582. Winner: 778,763 votes, 34.23% of valid votes (acta section 8); single round, plurality. The acta gives no electorate; the registered-voter figure (padrón electoral final) was found only in press, so electorate is left out. Copied from the signed scan (image PDF, no text layer) and checked twice: the rows sum to the stated total and the in-letters figures match the numerals.",
            "rows": [
              {
                "candidate": "José Raúl Mulino Quintero (Alianza para Salvar a Panamá: Realizando Metas, Alianza)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 778763,
                "share": 34.23,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": true
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Ricardo Lombana (MOCA)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 559568,
                "share": 24.59,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Martín Torrijos (Partido Popular)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 364536,
                "share": 16.02,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Rómulo Roux (Por un Panamá Mejor, Lo Bueno Viene: Cambio Democrático, Partido Panameñista)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 259030,
                "share": 11.39,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Zulay Leyset Rodríguez Lu (Libre postulación)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 150325,
                "share": 6.61,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "José Gabriel \"Gaby\" Carrizo (Vamos con Todo Panamá: PRD, MOLIRENA)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 133800,
                "share": 5.88,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Maribel Gordón Calderón (Libre postulación)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 24563,
                "share": 1.08,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              },
              {
                "candidate": "Melitón Alejandro Arrocha (Libre postulación, PAIS)",
                "party": null,
                "party_id": null,
                "colour": null,
                "votes": 4594,
                "share": 0.2,
                "seats": null,
                "winner": false
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "live_count": null,
        "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/panama-general-2024#president"
      },
      {
        "id": "assembly",
        "key": "panama-general-2024/assembly",
        "name": "National Assembly",
        "body": "legislature-unicameral",
        "seats": 71,
        "seats_provisional": false,
        "polls_close_utc": "2024-05-05T21:00:00Z",
        "authority": {
          "id": "pa-te",
          "name": "Electoral Tribunal",
          "name_local": "Tribunal Electoral",
          "role": "electoral-commission",
          "homepage": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
          "results_index": null,
          "open_data": null
        },
        "status": "final-expected",
        "expected_stage_now": null,
        "observed": false,
        "final_observed": null,
        "final_expected": {
          "from": null,
          "by": "2024-06-01T04:59:59Z",
          "confidence": "estimate",
          "basis": "Each circuit scrutiny board proclaims its deputies: plurality in the single-member circuits, quotient, half-quotient and residue by list ballots in the multi-member circuits, the seats of a list going to its candidates with the most preferential votes (Código Electoral arts. 449-453), within 24 hours of the end of its scrutiny (art. 446). There is no single national proclamation. The window end, end of 31 May 2024 local, is our estimate. Not observed: we found no Tribunal Electoral or Boletín record we could read giving the date of the last circuit proclamation (the TE's results page with the 'Diputado Proclamados' table was last modified on 22 May 2024, which dates the table, not the acts). Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC."
        },
        "last_final": null,
        "previous": null,
        "stages": [
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "from": null,
            "by": "2024-06-01T04:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "estimate",
            "citation": "Each circuit scrutiny board proclaims its deputies: plurality in the single-member circuits, quotient, half-quotient and residue by list ballots in the multi-member circuits, the seats of a list going to its candidates with the most preferential votes (Código Electoral arts. 449-453), within 24 hours of the end of its scrutiny (art. 446). There is no single national proclamation. The window end, end of 31 May 2024 local, is our estimate. Not observed: we found no Tribunal Electoral or Boletín record we could read giving the date of the last circuit proclamation (the TE's results page with the 'Diputado Proclamados' table was last modified on 22 May 2024, which dates the table, not the acts). Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": null,
            "observedSource": null
          }
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/resultados-elecciones-generales-2024/",
            "role": "results-final",
            "kind": "race_results",
            "kindReason": "election code and results marker",
            "resolvable": true,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Tribunal Electoral page 'Resultados Elecciones Generales 2024' (last modified 22 May 2024), with 16 xlsx tables built from the proclamation acts: Cuadro 01-02 Presidente, 04 Diputado PP, 05 Diputado Candidatos, 06 Diputado Proclamados, 07 Diputado Curules, and tables for mayors, representatives and councillors. Read through the Wayback Machine (capture of 23 May 2024); the live site and the xlsx attachment pages answered 403 (Cloudflare) on 3 Oct 2026, and the xlsx files were never archived. Cuadro 06 (Diputado Proclamados) and Cuadro 07 (Diputado Curules) hold the deputies proclaimed and the seats per party and libre postulación.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/TEXTO-UNICO-DAL-Version-4-con-indice-al-24-3-23.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Código Electoral, texto único (Tribunal Electoral legal-office version, 24 Mar 2023), as posted by the 2024 Junta Nacional de Escrutinio. Art. 416: voting closes 'a las cuatro de la tarde'. Art. 446: proclamation 'a más tardar veinticuatro horas después de finalizado el escrutinio'. Art. 447: the JNE proclaims the presidential ticket with the most votes. Arts. 449-453: circuit scrutiny boards proclaim the deputies. Arts. 513-516: PARLACEN seats from the presidential vote, allocated and proclaimed by the JNE.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Panamanian_general_election",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Leads and cross-checks only; no counts were copied from it.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
            "role": "authority-home",
            "kind": "emb_home",
            "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": null
          }
        ],
        "page_activity": [],
        "government": null,
        "results": [],
        "live_count": null,
        "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/panama-general-2024#assembly"
      },
      {
        "id": "parlacen",
        "key": "panama-general-2024/parlacen",
        "name": "Central American Parliament (Panamanian deputies)",
        "body": "legislature-unicameral",
        "seats": 20,
        "seats_provisional": false,
        "polls_close_utc": "2024-05-05T21:00:00Z",
        "authority": {
          "id": "pa-te",
          "name": "Electoral Tribunal",
          "name_local": "Tribunal Electoral",
          "role": "electoral-commission",
          "homepage": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
          "results_index": null,
          "open_data": null
        },
        "status": "final-expected",
        "expected_stage_now": null,
        "observed": false,
        "final_observed": {
          "at": "2024-06-10T16:01:00Z",
          "source": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Acta-de-Proclamacion-de-diputados-al-Parlacen.jpeg"
        },
        "final_expected": {
          "from": null,
          "by": "2024-07-01T04:59:59Z",
          "confidence": "estimate",
          "basis": "The JNE allocates the 20 PARLACEN seats and proclaims them 'tan pronto concluya el escrutinio y la proclamación del presidente y vicepresidente de la República' (Código Electoral art. 516), from the presidential vote of the parties that survived and the independent tickets with at least 2% of valid votes (art. 515). The law sets no fixed date; the window end, end of 30 Jun 2024 local (the day before the new national terms begin on 1 Jul), is our estimate. Observed: the JNE's acta no. 6 (section 3, 'Terminó la sesión') records 'Día: 10-junio-2024, Hora: 11:01', with the proclamation in section 7 ('La Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, en base al voto presidencial, proclama como candidatos electos a diputados al Parlamento Centroamericano (PARLACEN), a: ...'); the secretary's certification is timed 11:03 the same day. The handwritten hour has no a.m./p.m.; the JNE's press release puts the proclamation session at 10:30 a.m., so 11:01 a.m. local = 16:01 UTC. Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC. Counts held back (3 Oct 2026): PARLACEN and the National Assembly share body 'legislature-unicameral', so the 2029 Assembly page would pick these PARLACEN figures as its 'Last election'. They will be restored once a separate body type for supranational parliaments exists."
        },
        "last_final": null,
        "previous": null,
        "stages": [
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "from": null,
            "by": "2024-07-01T04:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "estimate",
            "citation": "The JNE allocates the 20 PARLACEN seats and proclaims them 'tan pronto concluya el escrutinio y la proclamación del presidente y vicepresidente de la República' (Código Electoral art. 516), from the presidential vote of the parties that survived and the independent tickets with at least 2% of valid votes (art. 515). The law sets no fixed date; the window end, end of 30 Jun 2024 local (the day before the new national terms begin on 1 Jul), is our estimate. Observed: the JNE's acta no. 6 (section 3, 'Terminó la sesión') records 'Día: 10-junio-2024, Hora: 11:01', with the proclamation in section 7 ('La Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, en base al voto presidencial, proclama como candidatos electos a diputados al Parlamento Centroamericano (PARLACEN), a: ...'); the secretary's certification is timed 11:03 the same day. The handwritten hour has no a.m./p.m.; the JNE's press release puts the proclamation session at 10:30 a.m., so 11:01 a.m. local = 16:01 UTC. Código Electoral art. 416: voting 'Se abrirá a las siete de la mañana y se cerrará a las cuatro de la tarde', voters in line at that hour still vote; Panama is UTC-5 all year, so 16:00 local is 21:00 UTC. Counts held back (3 Oct 2026): PARLACEN and the National Assembly share body 'legislature-unicameral', so the 2029 Assembly page would pick these PARLACEN figures as its 'Last election'. They will be restored once a separate body type for supranational parliaments exists.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": "2024-06-10T16:01:00Z",
            "observedSource": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Acta-de-Proclamacion-de-diputados-al-Parlacen.jpeg"
          }
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Acta-de-Proclamacion-de-diputados-al-Parlacen.jpeg",
            "role": "results-final",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Acta de la Junta Nacional de Escrutinio, Diputados al Parlamento Centroamericano (Tribunal Electoral form no. 6), Elección General del 5 de mayo de 2024, sede Parlatino; photo posted by the JNE on jnepanama.com, 10 Jun 2024. Section 5: presidential valid votes of the parties and independent ticket that take part in the allocation; section 6: seats; section 7: the 20 principal and alternate deputies proclaimed; section 8: incidences. Session closed 10-junio-2024, 11:01.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/acto-de-proclamacion-oficial-de-los-20-diputados-panamenos-electos-al-parlamento-centroamericano/",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "JNE press release, 10 Jun 2024: allocation table (percentage / fixed quotient 5, first, second and third distribution) and list of proclaimed deputies; the official proclamation 'tuvo lugar el lunes 10 de junio a las 10:30 a.m.' at the Parlatino, the JNE's last public session. The TE's Acuerdo de Pleno 26-2 of 24 May 2024 (third distribution) was published in the Boletín Electoral of 8 Jun 2024 and received by the JNE on 8 Jun 2024 at 11:15 a.m.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/resultados-elecciones-generales-2024/",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "race_results",
            "kindReason": "election code and results marker",
            "resolvable": true,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Tribunal Electoral page 'Resultados Elecciones Generales 2024' (last modified 22 May 2024), with 16 xlsx tables built from the proclamation acts: Cuadro 01-02 Presidente, 04 Diputado PP, 05 Diputado Candidatos, 06 Diputado Proclamados, 07 Diputado Curules, and tables for mayors, representatives and councillors. Read through the Wayback Machine (capture of 23 May 2024); the live site and the xlsx attachment pages answered 403 (Cloudflare) on 3 Oct 2026, and the xlsx files were never archived.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://jnepanama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/TEXTO-UNICO-DAL-Version-4-con-indice-al-24-3-23.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Código Electoral, texto único (Tribunal Electoral legal-office version, 24 Mar 2023), as posted by the 2024 Junta Nacional de Escrutinio. Art. 416: voting closes 'a las cuatro de la tarde'. Art. 446: proclamation 'a más tardar veinticuatro horas después de finalizado el escrutinio'. Art. 447: the JNE proclaims the presidential ticket with the most votes. Arts. 449-453: circuit scrutiny boards proclaim the deputies. Arts. 513-516: PARLACEN seats from the presidential vote, allocated and proclaimed by the JNE.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Panamanian_general_election",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Leads and cross-checks only; no counts were copied from it.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.tribunal-electoral.gob.pa/",
            "role": "authority-home",
            "kind": "emb_home",
            "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": null
          }
        ],
        "page_activity": [],
        "government": null,
        "results": [],
        "live_count": null,
        "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/panama-general-2024#parlacen"
      }
    ]
  },
  "meta": {
    "dataset_version": "2026-10-03.3531b9d3",
    "built_at": "2026-10-03T12:45:54Z",
    "generated_at": "2026-10-03T14:53:27.693Z",
    "licence": "CC BY 4.0: credit \"Global Election Index (electionindex.org)\" and link to https://electionindex.org",
    "docs": "https://electionindex.org/docs"
  }
}