{
  "data": {
    "id": "president",
    "key": "namibia-general-2024/president",
    "name": "President of the Republic",
    "body": "head-of-state",
    "seats": null,
    "seats_provisional": false,
    "polls_close_utc": "2024-11-30T19:00:00Z",
    "authority": {
      "id": "na-ecn",
      "name": "Electoral Commission of Namibia",
      "name_local": null,
      "role": "electoral-commission",
      "homepage": "https://www.ecn.na/",
      "results_index": "https://www.ecn.na/previous-election-results/",
      "open_data": null
    },
    "status": "final-expected",
    "expected_stage_now": null,
    "observed": false,
    "final_observed": {
      "at": "2024-12-03T21:59:59Z",
      "source": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/ECN_2024-NPA_Report_Latest_Lower-Version.pdf"
    },
    "final_expected": {
      "from": null,
      "by": "2024-11-30T21:59:59Z",
      "confidence": "announced",
      "basis": "FINAL ACT: the ECN Chairperson's announcement and declaration under Electoral Act s. 109(3) (total votes counted, votes per candidate, the candidate declared duly elected under Constitution art. 28(2)(b)). The ECN's own record of the date is its 2024 NPA Election Report (published on ecn.na, Jul 2025), s. 3.4.1.7: 'On 3 December 2024, the Chairperson of the Commission by virtue of Section 109 and 110, officially announced and declared the Presidential and National Assembly Election results', and s. 3.4.1.9: 'On 03 December 2024, the Chairperson of the Commission in terms of section 109 (1) the Electoral Act, announced the total number of votes counted in respect of each Presidential candidate and ... also declared the candidate who has accumulated the highest votes duly elected as President'. The report gives a date only, so observedAt is the end of 3 Dec 2024 local (Africa/Windhoek, UTC+2), stated as such; the report's media programme (s. 2.3, p. 26) lists '03 Dec 2024 21:00 CERC Final Results Announcement', a scheduled time not used for observedAt. Day 6 after the first polling day. Polling ran 'from 07h00 on Wednesday, 27 November 2024 until Saturday, 30 November 2024 at 21h00' (GG 8555, Government Notice No. 1 of 2025), extended at some stations; pollsCloseUtc is that last close, 21:00 UTC+2 = 19:00 UTC (s. 93(1)(a): polls 07h00-21h00). EXPECTED: no statutory deadline (s. 109: as soon as the Chief Electoral Officer has all constituency results). The ECN's 2024 Electoral Calendar (Key Electoral Activities 2024) planned 'Final verification, collation, determination and announcement of National Election Results' for 30 Nov 2024, so expectedBy is the end of that day local; the extension of polling to 30 Nov overtook that plan. The formal publication under s. 113(1) followed: notice signed by the ECN Chairperson in Windhoek on 19 Dec 2024, published in Government Gazette No. 8555 of 3 Jan 2025 (Government Notice No. 1 of 2025), President elected with effect from 21 Mar 2025. The winner had more than 50% of the votes counted (638,560 of 1,099,582, from GG 8555), so no second ballot (art. 28(2)(b)). A challenge goes to the Supreme Court (s. 172); none must confirm the result, so there is no court-validation stage. COUNTS: copied from GG 8555 into results. The ECN website's Terms and Conditions (Disclaimer Policy, https://www.ecn.na/disclaimer-policy/, read 3 Oct 2026), cl. 3.1-3.2, allow personal, educational and non-commercial use only, but the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 6 of 1994, s.15(8)(a), says 'No copyright shall subsist in - (a) the official text of any work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature' (GG 845, 5 May 1994; earlier notes cited it as s.16(8)(a), which is the wrong section), and Chris ruled on 5 Oct 2026 that such an exclusion overrides restrictive site terms."
    },
    "last_final": null,
    "previous": null,
    "stages": [
      {
        "stage": "final-result",
        "from": null,
        "by": "2024-11-30T21:59:59Z",
        "replacedAt": null,
        "confidence": "announced",
        "citation": "FINAL ACT: the ECN Chairperson's announcement and declaration under Electoral Act s. 109(3) (total votes counted, votes per candidate, the candidate declared duly elected under Constitution art. 28(2)(b)). The ECN's own record of the date is its 2024 NPA Election Report (published on ecn.na, Jul 2025), s. 3.4.1.7: 'On 3 December 2024, the Chairperson of the Commission by virtue of Section 109 and 110, officially announced and declared the Presidential and National Assembly Election results', and s. 3.4.1.9: 'On 03 December 2024, the Chairperson of the Commission in terms of section 109 (1) the Electoral Act, announced the total number of votes counted in respect of each Presidential candidate and ... also declared the candidate who has accumulated the highest votes duly elected as President'. The report gives a date only, so observedAt is the end of 3 Dec 2024 local (Africa/Windhoek, UTC+2), stated as such; the report's media programme (s. 2.3, p. 26) lists '03 Dec 2024 21:00 CERC Final Results Announcement', a scheduled time not used for observedAt. Day 6 after the first polling day. Polling ran 'from 07h00 on Wednesday, 27 November 2024 until Saturday, 30 November 2024 at 21h00' (GG 8555, Government Notice No. 1 of 2025), extended at some stations; pollsCloseUtc is that last close, 21:00 UTC+2 = 19:00 UTC (s. 93(1)(a): polls 07h00-21h00). EXPECTED: no statutory deadline (s. 109: as soon as the Chief Electoral Officer has all constituency results). The ECN's 2024 Electoral Calendar (Key Electoral Activities 2024) planned 'Final verification, collation, determination and announcement of National Election Results' for 30 Nov 2024, so expectedBy is the end of that day local; the extension of polling to 30 Nov overtook that plan. The formal publication under s. 113(1) followed: notice signed by the ECN Chairperson in Windhoek on 19 Dec 2024, published in Government Gazette No. 8555 of 3 Jan 2025 (Government Notice No. 1 of 2025), President elected with effect from 21 Mar 2025. The winner had more than 50% of the votes counted (638,560 of 1,099,582, from GG 8555), so no second ballot (art. 28(2)(b)). A challenge goes to the Supreme Court (s. 172); none must confirm the result, so there is no court-validation stage. COUNTS: copied from GG 8555 into results. The ECN website's Terms and Conditions (Disclaimer Policy, https://www.ecn.na/disclaimer-policy/, read 3 Oct 2026), cl. 3.1-3.2, allow personal, educational and non-commercial use only, but the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 6 of 1994, s.15(8)(a), says 'No copyright shall subsist in - (a) the official text of any work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature' (GG 845, 5 May 1994; earlier notes cited it as s.16(8)(a), which is the wrong section), and Chris ruled on 5 Oct 2026 that such an exclusion overrides restrictive site terms.",
        "source": null,
        "observedAt": "2024-12-03T21:59:59Z",
        "observedSource": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/ECN_2024-NPA_Report_Latest_Lower-Version.pdf"
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Results-publication-2024PNA.pdf",
        "role": "results-final",
        "kind": "race_results",
        "kindReason": "election code and results marker",
        "resolvable": true,
        "origin": "race",
        "note": "Government Gazette No. 8555 of 3 Jan 2025, as posted by the ECN (linked as '2024 Presidential & National Assembly Results' from its Previous Election Results page). Government Notice No. 1 of 2025, 'Publication of results and particulars in respect of general election of President: Electoral Act, 2014' (s. 113(1)), signed by E. Nghikembua, ECN Chairperson, Windhoek, 19 Dec 2024: total votes counted 1,099,582, votes per candidate, the candidate declared duly elected with effect from 21 Mar 2025. It gives no ballots cast or registered voters. Same file at https://archive.gazettes.africa/archive/na/2025/na-government-gazette-dated-2025-01-03-no-8555.pdf (byte-identical, checked 3 Oct 2026). Counts copied into results (licence: Copyright Act 6/1994 s.15(8)(a), official text; see the results note).",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/previous-election-results/",
        "role": "results-final",
        "kind": "results_index",
        "kindReason": "results section without an election code",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "race",
        "note": "ECN results index ('Previous Election Results'); on 3 Oct 2026 it linked the 2024 Presidential and National Assembly results (GG 8555) and the 2019 Chairperson's final-results speech. The live 2024 count ran on www.elections.na, now historic.elections.na (its pages load figures by script and showed zeros to our fetcher on 3 Oct 2026).",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": false,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/ECN_2024-NPA_Report_Latest_Lower-Version.pdf",
        "role": "see-also",
        "kind": "other",
        "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "race",
        "note": "ECN, 2024 NPA Election Report (Performance Assessment and Post-Election Report, Presidential and National Assembly Elections), 220 pp., on ecn.na: s. 3.4.1.7 and 3.4.1.9 (announcement and declaration on 3 Dec 2024), Table 17 (votes per candidate, same figures as GG 8555; 14,552 rejected votes) and Table 18 (by constituency); s. 2.9.2: final voters' register of 1,449,569 registered voters (published 30 Sep 2024).",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Electoral-Act-Act-5-of-2014-_-Namibia.pdf",
        "role": "timetable",
        "kind": "other",
        "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "race",
        "note": "Electoral Act 5 of 2014 (GG 5583): s. 93(1)(a) (polls 07h00-21h00), s. 109 (announcement and declaration of the presidential result by the ECN Chairperson), s. 113 (publication in the Gazette 'as soon as practicable').",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ECN_A4_Key-Electoral-Activities_2024.pdf",
        "role": "timetable",
        "kind": "other",
        "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "race",
        "note": "ECN Electoral Calendar 2024 (Key Electoral Activities): voting (local) 27 Nov 2024; counting and constituency collation 27-29 Nov; 'Final verification, collation, determination and announcement of National Election Results' 30 Nov 2024 (planned before polling was extended to 30 Nov).",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Namibian_general_election",
        "role": "see-also",
        "kind": "other",
        "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "race",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.ecn.na/",
        "role": "authority-home",
        "kind": "emb_home",
        "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
        "resolvable": false,
        "origin": "authority",
        "check": {
          "status": 200,
          "state": "ok",
          "at": "2026-10-26T05:17:46Z"
        },
        "figures_in_html": null,
        "oracle_reads": null,
        "not_resolvable_because": null
      }
    ],
    "results_page": {
      "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/namibia-general-2024/president",
      "role": "secondary",
      "stage": "final-result",
      "final": true,
      "published_at": "2025-01-03",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03T12:00:00Z",
      "copied_from": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Results-publication-2024PNA.pdf",
      "publisher": "Electoral Commission of Namibia (Government Gazette No. 8555, Government Notice No. 1 of 2025)",
      "note": "Global Election Index's copy of the count. The authority's own page (resolution_sources) is the primary source; use this when it cannot be read."
    },
    "page_activity": [],
    "government": null,
    "results": [
      {
        "stage": "final-result",
        "published_at": "2025-01-03",
        "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03T12:00:00Z",
        "source": "https://www.ecn.na/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Results-publication-2024PNA.pdf",
        "publisher": "Electoral Commission of Namibia (Government Gazette No. 8555, Government Notice No. 1 of 2025)",
        "licence": "Namibia Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 6 of 1994, s.15(8)(a): no copyright subsists in the official text of any work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature (Government Gazette No. 8555); ECN website terms (non-commercial) do not apply to the gazetted text",
        "total_votes": 1099582,
        "electorate": 1449569,
        "ballots": null,
        "turnout": null,
        "note": "Final result as published by the ECN Chairperson under Electoral Act 2014 s.113(1): Government Notice No. 1 of 2025, signed Windhoek 19 Dec 2024, Government Gazette No. 8555 of 3 Jan 2025 (ECN's copy of the gazette; byte-identical to the copy at archive.gazettes.africa). 15 candidates; votes per candidate and the total votes counted (1,099,582 = totalVotes) are the gazette's Columns 1-2, and the rows add up to exactly that total. The gazette declares Nandi-Ndaitwah, Netumbo Ndemupelila (SWAPO) duly elected with effect from 21 Mar 2025, with 638,560 votes (58.07% of votes counted, so no second ballot under Constitution art. 28(2)(b)). The gazette prints the NEFF candidate as 'Mulinasho' only; the full name 'Mukwiilongo, Jan Epafras Mulinasho' is from GN 2 of 2025 (list of members) and the NPA report's Table 17. The gazette gives no ballots cast for this race, so ballots is left out: the ECN's 2024 NPA Election Report s.3.4.1.9.1 gives 14,552 rejected votes, and its Table 18 'SUB-TOTAL' row gives 1,099,586 valid, 14,552 rejected and 1,114,138 votes cast (4 valid votes more than the gazette), so turnout is about 76.9% of the register. electorate 1,449,569 is the final voters' register, ECN 2024 NPA Election Report s.2.9.2 'Final Voters' Register' (p. 62: 'the FVR was produced with 1 449,569 registered voters representing 90% of the eligible voters'; the register table on p. 67 totals 1,449,569), the same figure as the 'SUB-TOTAL' registered voters in its Tables 18 and 20. Licence: Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 6 of 1994 (GG 845, 5 May 1994), s.15(8): 'No copyright shall subsist in - (a) the official text of any work of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or an official translation thereof; ...' (read 5 Oct 2026 in the consolidated text on WIPO Lex, https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/21262, as amended to Act 8 of 2016, and in the GG 845 print, p. 23). The subsection sits in s.15 ('General exceptions regarding protection of literary and musical works'), after s.15(7) and before s.16 ('In addition to reproductions permitted ...'), so it is s.15(8)(a), not s.16(8)(a) as earlier notes had it. The counts are the ECN's notices under Electoral Act s.113(1) published in the Government Gazette, an official text of an administrative nature; per Chris's ruling of 5 Oct 2026 that exclusion overrides the ECN website's non-commercial terms (Disclaimer Policy cl. 3.1-3.2).",
        "rows": [
          {
            "candidate": "Nandi-Ndaitwah, Netumbo Ndemupelila",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "SWAPO Party of Namibia (SWAPO)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 638560,
            "share": 58.07,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": true
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Itula, Panduleni Filemon Bango",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Independent Patriots for Change (IPC)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 284106,
            "share": 25.84,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Venaani, McHenry Mike Kanjonokere",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Popular Democratic Movement (PDM)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 55412,
            "share": 5.04,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Swartbooi, Bernadus",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Landless People's Movement (LPM)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 51160,
            "share": 4.65,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Amupanda, Job Shipululo",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Affirmative Repositioning (AR)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 19676,
            "share": 1.79,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Gaobaeb, Hendrik",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "United Democratic Front of Namibia (UDF)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 12604,
            "share": 1.15,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Mudge, Henry Ferdinand",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Republican Party of Namibia (RP)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 8988,
            "share": 0.82,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Kaaronda, Evilastus",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "SWANU of Namibia (SWANU)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 7991,
            "share": 0.73,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Kumbwa, Ambrosius",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "All People's Party (APP)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 5197,
            "share": 0.47,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Mukwiilongo, Jan Epafras Mulinasho",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Namibia Economic Freedom Fighters (NEFF)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 3978,
            "share": 0.36,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Thomas, Festus",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Body Of Christ Party (BCP)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 3641,
            "share": 0.33,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Kavekotora, Kamboto Ratoveni Mike",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 2974,
            "share": 0.27,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Shuumbwa, Erastus",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Action Democratic Movement (ADM)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 2069,
            "share": 0.19,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Likuwa, Sakaria Amos",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "United Namibians Party (UNP)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 2013,
            "share": 0.18,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          },
          {
            "candidate": "Amuthenu, Vaino",
            "ballot_name": null,
            "party": "Congress of Democrats (COD)",
            "party_id": null,
            "colour": null,
            "votes": 1213,
            "share": 0.11,
            "seats": null,
            "winner": false
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "live_count": null,
    "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/namibia-general-2024#president"
  },
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