{
  "data": {
    "id": "maldives-presidential-2028-r2",
    "country": "MV",
    "country_name": "Maldives",
    "level": "national",
    "subdivision": null,
    "subdivision_name": null,
    "date": "2028-11-08",
    "date_status": "tentative",
    "kind": "runoff",
    "conditional": "Held only if no candidate receives over fifty percent of the valid votes in the first round (tentatively 18 Oct 2028). The run-off must be held within twenty-one days after the first election, between the two candidates with the most votes (the top three if two tie for second; if one of the two withdraws, the third-placed candidate may stand) (Constitution art. 111; Presidential Elections Act 12/2008 s.19). A three-way run-off with no majority leads to a second run-off within 21 days (s.19(e)).",
    "timezone": "Indian/Maldives",
    "status": "scheduled",
    "last_verified_at": "2026-10-02T12:00:00Z",
    "stale": false,
    "stale_reason": null,
    "provenance": {
      "from": "researcher agent 2026-10-02: Constitution of Maldives 2008 arts. 107, 110, 111, 113 (functional English translation, ICNL copy); Presidential Elections Act 12/2008 ss.15, 18-20 and Elections (General) Act 11/2008 ss.43, 57, 60, 61, 64, 65 (Elections Commission consolidated translations); Elections Commission election pages, announcement 107 and results.elections.gov.mv dashboards; RaajjeTV and Sun reports of Sep-Oct 2023",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (Election Index)"
    },
    "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/maldives-presidential-2028-r2",
    "races": [
      {
        "id": "president",
        "key": "maldives-presidential-2028-r2/president",
        "name": "President of the Republic",
        "body": "head-of-state",
        "seats": null,
        "seats_provisional": false,
        "polls_close_utc": "2028-11-08T12:30:00Z",
        "authority": {
          "id": "mv-ec",
          "name": "Elections Commission of Maldives",
          "name_local": "އިލެކްޝަންސް ކޮމިޝަން",
          "role": "electoral-commission",
          "homepage": "https://www.elections.gov.mv/",
          "results_index": "https://results.elections.gov.mv/",
          "open_data": null
        },
        "status": "scheduled",
        "expected_stage_now": null,
        "observed": false,
        "final_observed": null,
        "final_expected": {
          "from": "2028-11-09T19:00:00Z",
          "by": "2028-11-16T18:59:59Z",
          "confidence": "announced",
          "basis": "Presidential Elections Act 12/2008 s.15: official results announced by the Elections Commission and published in the Gazette 'Within seven (7) days of the voting day' (also Elections (General) Act s.61), i.e. by 15 Nov 2028 for an 8 Nov run-off; s.19(d)/s.18(b): the Commission announces the candidate with over 50% of the valid votes as elected. 2023 precedent: run-off 30 Sep, official result announced at a Commission press conference on the night of Wed 4 Oct 2023 (day 4), unchanged from the provisional figures (Sun, see.mv/85106; RaajjeTV 5 Oct 2023, raajje.mv/143023). The opening (start of day 2, local) is an ESTIMATED floor; the window closes at the end of 16 Nov 2028, Maldives time, one day past the deadline and the eve of the 17 Nov 2028 term expiry. Presidential-election disputes go to the Supreme Court (Constitution art. 113); no court confirms the result, so there is no court-validation stage."
        },
        "last_final": null,
        "previous": null,
        "stages": [
          {
            "stage": "election-night",
            "from": "2028-11-08T12:30:00Z",
            "by": "2028-11-09T18:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": "2028-11-16T18:59:59Z",
            "confidence": "precedent",
            "citation": "Polling hours are set by the Elections Commission (Elections (General) Act s.43). The 2023 run-off ran 08:00-17:00, extended from round 1's 16:00 close (Commission press conference reported by RaajjeTV, raajje.mv/141962); the 2024 Majlis election closed at 17:30 (announcement (IUL)38-AC/38/2024/253, elections.gov.mv/announcements/107). pollsCloseUtc assumes 17:30 Maldives time (UTC+5, no DST) = 12:30 UTC, an ESTIMATE. Counting starts at each box after the close (2023: 30 minutes after the box closed, same report); box results go to Male' and the Commission announces provisional results (ss.57, 60), which fill the results dashboard on the night. The window closes at the end of the day after polling, Maldives time. Provisional, not the official result.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": null,
            "observedSource": null
          },
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "from": "2028-11-09T19:00:00Z",
            "by": "2028-11-16T18:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "announced",
            "citation": "Presidential Elections Act 12/2008 s.15: official results announced by the Elections Commission and published in the Gazette 'Within seven (7) days of the voting day' (also Elections (General) Act s.61), i.e. by 15 Nov 2028 for an 8 Nov run-off; s.19(d)/s.18(b): the Commission announces the candidate with over 50% of the valid votes as elected. 2023 precedent: run-off 30 Sep, official result announced at a Commission press conference on the night of Wed 4 Oct 2023 (day 4), unchanged from the provisional figures (Sun, see.mv/85106; RaajjeTV 5 Oct 2023, raajje.mv/143023). The opening (start of day 2, local) is an ESTIMATED floor; the window closes at the end of 16 Nov 2028, Maldives time, one day past the deadline and the eve of the 17 Nov 2028 term expiry. Presidential-election disputes go to the Supreme Court (Constitution art. 113); no court confirms the result, so there is no court-validation stage.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": null,
            "observedSource": null
          }
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "url": "https://results.elections.gov.mv/",
            "role": "results-live",
            "kind": "results_index",
            "kindReason": "results host, but its root lists many elections",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Elections Commission results host (index, not a page for this election). Each round gets its own dashboard at /Results/SpecificElection?UniqueId=<GUID>; the 2023 runoff was UniqueId=69606302-5301-4733-8944-2323A2752676 (linked from elections.gov.mv/en/elections/presidential/22). The 2028 GUID cannot be predicted. The official result is announced separately by the Commission and published in the Government Gazette.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.elections.gov.mv/en/elections/presidential",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "no election or results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Elections Commission presidential-election pages; on 2 Oct 2026 they listed only the 2023 rounds (9 and 30 Sep 2023).",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.icnl.org/wp-content/uploads/Maldives_constmal.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "no election or results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Constitution of Maldives 2008 (functional English translation, ICNL copy), art. 111(a): 'If no candidate obtains such majority, a run-off election must be held within twenty one days after the first election.' DATE (tentative): the first round is tentatively Wed 18 Oct 2028, the latest day art. 110 allows (30 days before the term expires on 17 Nov 2028; see maldives-presidential-2028); the latest run-off date is 21 days later, Wed 8 Nov 2028, used here. 2023 precedent: first round 9 Sep, run-off 30 Sep 2023, exactly 21 days (elections.gov.mv/en/elections/presidential/22). An earlier first round moves the run-off earlier by the same amount.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.elections.gov.mv/uploads/Presidential%20Elections%20Act-Consolidated%20Translation-003ce9bece3f1caee3f1.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "no election or results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Presidential Elections Act (Law 12/2008), consolidated English translation: s.15 (official result within 7 days), s.19 (run-off), s.20 (run-off conducted under the Act).",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.elections.gov.mv/uploads/Elections%20(General)%20Act%20-%20Consolidated%20_28082023-70f54cd28fc6b518e998.pdf",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Elections (General) Act (Law 11/2008), consolidated to 28 Aug 2023: s.43 (polling hours set by the Commission), ss.57, 60 (provisional results), s.61 (official result, Gazette), ss.64-65 (High Court petitions).",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2028_Maldivian_presidential_election",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.elections.gov.mv/",
            "role": "authority-home",
            "kind": "emb_home",
            "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": null
          }
        ],
        "page_activity": [],
        "government": null,
        "results": [],
        "live_count": null,
        "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/maldives-presidential-2028-r2#president"
      }
    ]
  },
  "meta": {
    "dataset_version": "2026-10-02.be7d6f40",
    "built_at": "2026-10-02T15:42:24Z",
    "generated_at": "2026-10-02T18:16:08.013Z",
    "licence": "CC BY 4.0: credit \"Global Election Index (electionindex.org)\" and link to https://electionindex.org",
    "docs": "https://electionindex.org/docs"
  }
}