{ "data": { "id": "ghana-presidential-2028-r2", "country": "GH", "country_name": "Ghana", "level": "national", "subdivision": null, "subdivision_name": null, "date": "2028-12-28", "date_status": "tentative", "kind": "runoff", "conditional": "Held only if no candidate obtains more than fifty per cent of the valid votes cast at the presidential election of 7 Dec 2028 (tentative). A second election is then held within twenty-one days after the first, between the two candidates with the most votes, subject to withdrawals (Constitution art. 63(3)-(5)). Parliament has no second round.", "timezone": "Africa/Accra", "status": "scheduled", "last_verified_at": "2026-10-02T12:00:00Z", "stale": false, "stale_reason": null, "provenance": { "from": "researcher agent 2026-10-02: Constitution of Ghana 1992 arts. 63, 64 (constituteproject.org); EC Programme of Activities for 2024 Presidential and Parliamentary Elections and press release of 24 Nov 2024 (ec.gov.gh); Daily Graphic on C.I. 99 and the 2020 petition", "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (Election Index)" }, "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/ghana-presidential-2028-r2", "races": [ { "id": "president", "key": "ghana-presidential-2028-r2/president", "name": "President", "body": "head-of-state", "seats": null, "seats_provisional": false, "polls_close_utc": "2028-12-28T17:00:00Z", "authority": { "id": "gh-ec", "name": "Electoral Commission of Ghana", "name_local": null, "role": "electoral-commission", "homepage": "https://ec.gov.gh/", "results_index": null, "open_data": null }, "status": "scheduled", "expected_stage_now": null, "observed": false, "final_observed": null, "final_expected": { "from": "2028-12-29T00:00:00Z", "by": "2029-01-04T23:59:59Z", "confidence": "estimate", "basis": "The EC Chairperson, as returning officer, declares the result; no deadline for the declaration was found in the Constitution. The EC's 2024 programme planned the declaration of a run-off 'Sunday, 29th December' to 'Tuesday, 31st December, 2024' (one to three days after polling) and the gazette notice on 31 Dec. No run-off has been held since that programme, so the window is an ESTIMATE from it and the first-round precedent (2024 declaration on day 2): from the start of 29 Dec 2028 to the end of 4 Jan 2029 (day 7), late on purpose and before the swearing-in on 7 Jan 2029. A tie leads to another election within 21 days (art. 63). A petition to the Supreme Court may be filed within 21 days of the declaration (art. 64(1); judgment due on the 42nd day after filing under C.I. 99 rule 69C, per the Daily Graphic), but no court has to confirm the result, so there is no court-validation stage." }, "last_final": null, "previous": null, "stages": [ { "stage": "election-night", "from": "2028-12-28T17:00:00Z", "by": "2028-12-30T23:59:59Z", "replacedAt": "2029-01-04T23:59:59Z", "confidence": "estimate", "citation": "Polls close at 17:00 local, 17:00 UTC (Africa/Accra, no daylight saving; 2024 hours per EC press release of 24 Nov 2024; the run-off hours are not yet set). Polling-station results are collated at constituency, regional and national level; the EC publishes no running national total. The window's end (end of day 2) is an ESTIMATE matching the first-round precedent. Provisional, not the declared result.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null }, { "stage": "final-result", "from": "2028-12-29T00:00:00Z", "by": "2029-01-04T23:59:59Z", "replacedAt": null, "confidence": "estimate", "citation": "The EC Chairperson, as returning officer, declares the result; no deadline for the declaration was found in the Constitution. The EC's 2024 programme planned the declaration of a run-off 'Sunday, 29th December' to 'Tuesday, 31st December, 2024' (one to three days after polling) and the gazette notice on 31 Dec. No run-off has been held since that programme, so the window is an ESTIMATE from it and the first-round precedent (2024 declaration on day 2): from the start of 29 Dec 2028 to the end of 4 Jan 2029 (day 7), late on purpose and before the swearing-in on 7 Jan 2029. A tie leads to another election within 21 days (art. 63). A petition to the Supreme Court may be filed within 21 days of the declaration (art. 64(1); judgment due on the 42nd day after filing under C.I. 99 rule 69C, per the Daily Graphic), but no court has to confirm the result, so there is no court-validation stage.", "source": null, "observedAt": null, "observedSource": null } ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://ec.gov.gh/blog/", "role": "results-final", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Electoral Commission press-release index, where a second-round declaration would be published. No results index exists (https://ec.gov.gh/election-results/ returned 404 on 2 Oct 2026) and no page for this election; the address is unknown.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Ghana_1996?lang=en", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "election page without a results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "Constitution of Ghana 1992, text on constituteproject.org (read 2 Oct 2026): art. 63(3) (more than 50% of valid votes needed), 63(4) ('a second election shall be held within twenty-one days after the previous election'), 63(5)-(7) (the two candidates with the most votes; ties and withdrawals), 64(1) (petition within 21 days of the declaration). DATE (tentative): the latest lawful day, 21 days after a first round on 7 Dec 2028 = Thu 28 Dec 2028; the EC may set it earlier. The EC's 2024 programme put a contingent run-off on the same 21st day (28 Dec 2024). The first-round date is itself tentative (see ghana-general-2028).", "check": null }, { "url": "https://ec.gov.gh/programme-of-activities-for-2024-presidential-and-parliamentary-elections/", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "election page without a results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "2024 precedent, not this election: EC 'Programme of Activities for 2024 Presidential and Parliamentary Elections' (image, read 2 Oct 2026): writ of elections 5 Aug 2024 and gazetted 6 Aug; Election Day Sat 7 Dec 2024; 'Declaration of Elections Results' 7-10 Dec; gazette notification of presidential results 9-11 Dec; gazette publication of parliamentary results 9-18 Dec; in the event of a run-off, 'Presidential Election Run-Off' Sat 28 Dec 2024, declaration 29-31 Dec, gazette 31 Dec. 'All dates are subject to review.' No 2028 programme was published as of 2 Oct 2026.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://ec.gov.gh/saturday-7th-december-2024-date-of-2024-general-election/", "role": "timetable", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "election page without a results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "2024 precedent: EC press release of 24 Nov 2024: 'voting on the 7th of December, 2024, starts from 7am until 5pm'.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_Ghana", "role": "see-also", "kind": "other", "kindReason": "no election or results marker", "resolvable": false, "origin": "race", "note": "No English Wikipedia article for the 2028 election existed on 2 Oct 2026 (2028_Ghanaian_general_election returned 404); 2024 article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Ghanaian_general_election.", "check": null }, { "url": "https://ec.gov.gh/", "role": "authority-home", "kind": "emb_home", "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question", "resolvable": false, "origin": "authority", "check": null } ], "page_activity": [], "government": null, "results": [], "live_count": null, "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/ghana-presidential-2028-r2#president" } ] }, "meta": { "dataset_version": "2026-10-02.be7d6f40", "built_at": "2026-10-02T15:42:24Z", "generated_at": "2026-10-02T18:16:09.893Z", "licence": "CC BY 4.0: credit \"Global Election Index (electionindex.org)\" and link to https://electionindex.org", "docs": "https://electionindex.org/docs" } }