{
  "data": {
    "id": "czech-republic-presidential-2028-r2",
    "country": "CZ",
    "country_name": "Czech Republic",
    "date": "2028-01-28",
    "date_status": "tentative",
    "kind": "runoff",
    "conditional": "Held only if no candidate wins more than half of the valid votes in round one (Constitution Art. 56(2); § 54 Act 275/2012 Sb.). It takes place fourteen days after the start of round one, between the two candidates with the most valid votes; on a tie, all tied candidates advance. If a finalist withdraws or loses eligibility, the next-placed candidate advances, and the round is held even with only one candidate (Art. 56(2), (4); § 56 Act 275/2012 Sb.). Tentative date: the runoff to a first round on 14-15 Jan 2028; if round one is set for 21-22 Jan instead, the runoff is 4-5 Feb.",
    "timezone": "Europe/Prague",
    "status": "scheduled",
    "last_verified_at": "2026-09-25T12:00:00Z",
    "stale": false,
    "stale_reason": null,
    "provenance": {
      "from": "researcher agent 2026-09-25: Constitution Arts. 55, 56 (zakonyprolidi.cz); Act 275/2012 Sb. §§ 3, 54, 56, 57, 66, 68; Act 88/2024 Sb. §§ 2, 8, 12; SVK notice 27/2023 Sb.; Supreme Administrative Court Vol 100/2023 (volby.gov.cz); MV 2023 timetable; volby.gov.cz; iROZHLAS 28 Jan 2023",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0 (Election Index)"
    },
    "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/czech-republic-presidential-2028-r2",
    "races": [
      {
        "id": "president",
        "key": "czech-republic-presidential-2028-r2/president",
        "name": "President of the Republic, second round",
        "body": "head-of-state",
        "seats": null,
        "polls_close_utc": "2028-01-29T13:00:00Z",
        "authority": {
          "id": "cz-svk",
          "name": "State Electoral Commission",
          "name_local": "Státní volební komise",
          "role": "electoral-commission",
          "homepage": "https://mv.gov.cz/volby-referenda",
          "results_index": "https://volby.gov.cz/",
          "open_data": "https://volby.gov.cz/opendata/opendata.htm"
        },
        "status": "scheduled",
        "expected_stage_now": null,
        "observed": false,
        "final_observed": null,
        "final_expected": {
          "from": "2028-01-30T23:00:00Z",
          "by": "2028-02-07T22:59:59Z",
          "confidence": "precedent",
          "basis": "The SVK declares the overall result by a notice in the Collection of Laws (§ 8(e) Act 88/2024 Sb.) and hands it to the Senate President without delay (§ 57 Act 275/2012 Sb.). No statutory deadline. Precedent: notice 27/2023 Sb., dated 30 Jan 2023 and in force 31 Jan 2023, three days after the 28 Jan runoff. By that precedent, Tue 1 Feb 2028. The opening (Mon 31 Jan, CET) is an ESTIMATED floor. The window closes at the end of Mon 7 Feb, CET, six days past precedent, because 2028 is the first presidential election under Act 88/2024 Sb. Challenges go to the Supreme Administrative Court within 7 days of the declaration (§§ 66(1), 68). In 2023 the court's resolution Vol 100/2023 of 21 Feb 2023 rejected the petitions but ordered the ČSÚ to correct the round-one tallies in the result record. There is no confirmation step, so no court-validation stage. The new President takes office by oath (Art. 55); the current term ends on 8 Mar 2028."
        },
        "stages": [
          {
            "stage": "election-night",
            "from": "2028-01-29T13:00:00Z",
            "by": "2028-01-30T22:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "precedent",
            "citation": "Polls close at 14:00 on the second day (§ 2(2) Act 88/2024 Sb.; § 56 Act 275/2012 Sb.). In January Czechia is on CET (UTC+1), so that is 13:00 UTC on Sat 29 Jan 2028. The ČSÚ publishes precinct results live on volby.gov.cz (§ 12(1)(j) Act 88/2024 Sb.). 2023: iROZHLAS's live coverage of Sat 28 Jan 2023, the runoff's second polling day, reported the winner that day. The window closes at the end of Sunday 30 Jan, CET. This is the ČSÚ count, not the SVK's declaration.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": null,
            "observedSource": null
          },
          {
            "stage": "final-result",
            "from": "2028-01-30T23:00:00Z",
            "by": "2028-02-07T22:59:59Z",
            "replacedAt": null,
            "confidence": "precedent",
            "citation": "The SVK declares the overall result by a notice in the Collection of Laws (§ 8(e) Act 88/2024 Sb.) and hands it to the Senate President without delay (§ 57 Act 275/2012 Sb.). No statutory deadline. Precedent: notice 27/2023 Sb., dated 30 Jan 2023 and in force 31 Jan 2023, three days after the 28 Jan runoff. By that precedent, Tue 1 Feb 2028. The opening (Mon 31 Jan, CET) is an ESTIMATED floor. The window closes at the end of Mon 7 Feb, CET, six days past precedent, because 2028 is the first presidential election under Act 88/2024 Sb. Challenges go to the Supreme Administrative Court within 7 days of the declaration (§§ 66(1), 68). In 2023 the court's resolution Vol 100/2023 of 21 Feb 2023 rejected the petitions but ordered the ČSÚ to correct the round-one tallies in the result record. There is no confirmation step, so no court-validation stage. The new President takes office by oath (Art. 55); the current term ends on 8 Mar 2028.",
            "source": null,
            "observedAt": null,
            "observedSource": null
          }
        ],
        "sources": [
          {
            "url": "https://volby.gov.cz/",
            "role": "results-live",
            "kind": "emb_home",
            "kindReason": "site root: cannot answer a results question",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "ČSÚ election results index (volby.gov.cz), not a page for this election; no 2028 entry on 25 Sep 2026 and its path is unconfirmed. In 2023 both rounds sat on one results site (/cz/prez2023.htm). Not the SVK's declaration.",
            "check": {
              "status": 200,
              "state": "ok",
              "at": "2026-09-25T05:17:00Z"
            }
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1993-1",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Constitution (Act 1/1993 Sb.): runoff 14 days after the start of round one (Art. 56(2)); election in the last 60 days of the incumbent's term, at least 30 days before it expires, i.e. by 7 Feb 2028 for a term that ends on 8 Mar 2028 (Art. 56(7)).",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2012-275",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Act 275/2012 Sb. on the election of the President: any second round must fall at least 30 days before the term expires (§ 3(1)); second round (§ 56); declaration and hand-over of the overall result (§ 57); challenges within 7 days (§ 66(1)).",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2023-27",
            "role": "timetable",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "election page without a results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "note": "Precedent: SVK notice 27/2023 Sb., dated 30 Jan 2023 and in force 31 Jan 2023, declaring the overall result of the 13-14 Jan and 27-28 Jan 2023 election.",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_Czech_presidential_election",
            "role": "see-also",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "no election or results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "race",
            "check": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://volby.gov.cz/opendata/opendata.htm",
            "role": "open-data",
            "kind": "results_index",
            "kindReason": "results section without an election code",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": {
              "status": 200,
              "state": "ok",
              "at": "2026-09-25T05:17:00Z"
            }
          },
          {
            "url": "https://mv.gov.cz/volby-referenda",
            "role": "authority-home",
            "kind": "other",
            "kindReason": "no election or results marker",
            "resolvable": false,
            "origin": "authority",
            "check": {
              "status": 200,
              "state": "ok",
              "at": "2026-09-25T05:17:00Z"
            }
          }
        ],
        "page_activity": [],
        "government": null,
        "url": "https://electionindex.org/election/czech-republic-presidential-2028-r2#president"
      }
    ]
  },
  "meta": {
    "dataset_version": "2026-09-25.d023cc13",
    "built_at": "2026-09-25T21:25:00Z",
    "generated_at": "2026-09-25T22:35:05.989Z",
    "licence": "CC BY 4.0: credit \"Election Index (electionindex.org)\" and link to https://electionindex.org",
    "docs": "https://electionindex.org/docs"
  }
}